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Hazardous Air Pollutants
Air pollutants that are not covered by ambient air quality standards but which, as defined in the Clean Air Act, may reasonably be expected to cause or contribute to irreversible illness or death. Such pollutants include asbestos, beryllium, mercury, benzene, coke oven emissions, radionuclides, and vinyl
chloride.
Actinolite
One of the six types of asbestos.
Pleural effusion
A pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid between the layers of the membrane that lines the lungs and chest cavity.
Risk Ratio
The ratio of the risk among persons with specific risk factors compared to the risk among persons without risk factors. A risk ratio greater than 1 indicates greater risk of disease in the exposed group compared to the unexposed.
Suspect material
Building material suspected of containing asbestos, e.g., surfacing material, floor tile, ceiling tile, thermal system insulation, and miscellaneous other materials.
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
An Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) allowable exposure level in workplace air averaged over an 8-hour shift of a 40 hour workweek.
Asbestiform
Possessing the properties of asbestos. Minerals of specific chemical compositions can
have asbestiform varieties that are fibrous in nature (e.g., crocidolite and amosite are the asbestiform
varieties of the amphibole minerals, reibeckite and grunerite; tremolite and actinolite may be either
asbestiform or nonasbestiform)
Minimal Risk Level (MRL)
An estimate of daily human exposure to a hazardous substance that is
likely to be without an appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified route and
duration of exposure.
Abatement
Removal or controlling release of asbestos fibers. Includes operations and maintenance (O & M), encapsulation, enclosure, and removal.
Friable asbestos
Any material containing more than one percent asbestos, and that can be crumbled or reduced to powder by hand pressure. (May include previously non-friable material which becomes broken or damaged by mechanical force.)
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